Who controls the businesses of the UK?

We analysed data submitted on over 5 million people to the Companies House, People with Significant Control (PSC) register. As the name suggests, this register includes individuals, companies and legal persons who own a large portion of a company, or otherwise have the right to significantly influence its actions. How do the individuals in this sample compare to the rest of the UK population?

The average age of UK business owners

Their ages approximately follow a bell-shaped curve. The most common age is 51, accounting for 2.92% of the sample, compared to only 1.45% of the general population. The average age is a little lower, at 49 years old. People between 37 and 67 years of age are also overrepresented in business owners, meaning you’re more likely to find them in a sample of company shareholders than in a random sample of people.

Age distribution of business owners vs. the general population

The male-to-female ratio

It’ll come as a shock to no one that business owners are more likely to be male than female. Of all the people whose gender could be identified from their title (such as Mr. or Mrs.), 72.92% were male and 27.08% were female. In other words, the people controlling a company are almost three times as likely to be a man than a woman. The UK population is 49.5% male and 50.5% female, which means women are 51.2% underrepresented among business owners.

Percentage of male and female business owners

Nationalities

The majority of business owners in the UK, by far, are UK nationals, at 84.72%. The most common nationalities making up the remaining 15.28% are shown below. All of these except for Poland are overrepresented compared to their prevalence in the general population.

Top 15 foreign nationalities of UK business owners

How many people control each business?

Almost three-quarters of the companies had only one listed PSC, meaning the majority of them have only one person with significant control. The remaining companies have more than one person with significant control, however, the number of companies declines as the number of PSCs increases. For instance, there were only 0.14% of companies that had six or more people in control. The highest number was 63, but as you can see this is far from the norm.

The types of people with significant control

The vast majority of people with significant control are just that: people, accounting for 92.27% of the submissions in the register. 7.61% are corporate entities, and only 0.12% are legal persons.