Credit card numbers actually aren’t random at all.
Credit card numbers each serve a particular function that determines how each transaction will be routed and enhance security.
You probably know your credit card numbers by heart, either in full or the last four digits. But, if you are like most people, you probably have no idea what they mean. The numbers each have a specific identification function either for the bank, the system or you personally. While it is not imperative you know what the numbers mean, understanding the process your information goes through with each credit card transaction is still food for thought.
Unlike other account numbers, like those of the gas or phone company or even department stores, credit cards all use the same number system. In this system, the number and structure of the numbers on the card indicate what kind of card it is and to whom it belongs.
Credit card numbers breakdown
The first number on your credit card is called the Major Industry Identifier (MII) and notes the system that your card belongs to.
- Number 3 denotes an American Express
- Number 4 denotes a Visa
- Number 5 denotes a Mastercard
- Number 6 denotes a Discover credit card
Within each card system is a structure that is unique to that credit card company. For example:
- On American Express cards, the third and fourth digits are the type and currency, the fifth through the eleventh digits are the account number, the twelfth through the fourteenth digits are the cards number within that particular account and the fifteenth digit is the check number.
- A Visa uses digits two through six for the bank number, the seventh digit through the twelfth or the fifteenth are the account number and digit thirteen or sixteen is the validator number.
- Mastercard uses digits two through six as account numbers depending on the length it can be digits two and three or two through four or two through five or six. After the bank number, the digits that follow up to the fifteenth are the account number and the sixteenth digit is the validator number.
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Bottom line
While it is more important to know where you are spending your money than the function of your credit card numbers, it is helpful to understand the complexities of the credit card system. Once you realize how much effort has gone into ensuring security and efficiency you will have more appreciation for your card.
If you’re looking for a new card, make sure to compare your credit card options to find the best fit for your wallet.