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What is Monero? A step-by-step guide to XMR
If you’re looking for a secure, anonymous, and untraceable currency, you should consider whether Monero has you covered.
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Monero (XMR) appears to have become synonymous with anonymity and secure transactions. While many people believe that bitcoin is already anonymous, this is definitely not the case as we’ll see in this guide. The anonymous nature of bitcoin is very much up for debate and Monero is the natural outcome of that debate.
Disclaimer: This information should not be interpreted as an endorsement of cryptocurrency or any specific
provider, service or offering. It is not a recommendation to trade.
What is Monero?
| Icon | Symbol | Initial release date | Algorithm type | Max. supply |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
XMR | April, 2014 | CryptoNight | 18.4 million XMR |
Rising from a need identified by developers to make a more secure, anonymous and untraceable cryptocurrency, Monero was released in April 2014. It presents itself as standing for three core values:
- Security. Without trust, no cryptocurrency can survive and none of them are more reliant on that trust than Monero, whose users not only trust it with their money but also with keeping their transactions anonymous.
- Privacy. Monero claims that they need to be able to protect their users’ anonymity, even in a court of law – including, as their website states “in extreme cases, from the death penalty”.
- Decentralization. Monero isn’t run by anyone. It’s unlike some other coins where there’s a central agency that runs the network, or blockchain. In the case of Monero, not only does this central, controlling agency or business not exist, but the development decisions and the developer meeting logs are published and available online for anyone to see.
How is Monero different from bitcoin?
Monero focuses on anonymity, and this is where it diverges significantly from bitcoin. Many believe that bitcoin already is anonymous, but that’s just a very common misconception, as we’ll see.
The problem with public transactions
Bitcoin is built over what is known as the public ledger, or blockchain. This was done so that users of bitcoin can verify other people’s transactions, especially in cases where these payments need to be transparent (e.g., government spending and not-for-profit organizations (NPOs).
The issue is that once you share your bitcoin address, all past and future transactions and how much money you’re sending/receiving will always be linked with you. Buyers may not always find this desirable. It’s not only an issue of revealing that users may be purchasing or paying for illegal services/products. You just might not want your employer to know that you sent money to WikiLeaks, or maybe you don’t want to have freelance clients know how much you’re charging other clients.
Bitcoin’s solution
Bitcoin did come up with somewhat of a temporary solution or a user guideline, so to speak. The idea is that whenever you’re requesting money from someone you should always provide them with a temporary wallet address. This address is related to your actual wallet but would be a one-time-use address and then will be destroyed, making it harder to trace your wallet’s main address back to you. This solves the problem for one-off payments, but organizations and businesses who want a public address visible on their website, for example, would still have all their transactions traceable back to them.
Monero presents a solution to this problem by using what is known as ring signatures and stealth addresses.
Ring signatures
Monero mixes addresses for a user’s transactions with another user’s addresses making the path between sender and receiver virtually untraceable. Analysis of the Monero blockchain would reveal nothing more than a cryptographic hash of the transaction.
Stealth addresses
Similar to the explanation of bitcoin’s suggested solution, Monero hides addresses behind one-time-use ones, which are then destroyed so that the transaction cannot be traced back to a public address.
Today’s Monero price
Where can I use Monero?
Many of the merchants that currently accept bitcoin and the other more common cryptocurrencies already accept Monero.
How do I buy Monero?
Here’s a list of exchanges for you to consider:
Using Monero to transfer money
Sending and receiving money with Monero is very similar to other coins, although XMR transactions are thought to be more secure. Here’s how installing a wallet and receiving money works:
- Start with an XMR wallet. Some wallets let you have multiple different currencies stored in them. When working with XMR, you should ideally get the official wallet to avoid any conflicts and leakages of anonymity.
- Store the seed. During the process of installing the wallet, you’ll get a 25-word mnemonic word seed. It’s imperative that you keep these words secret and safe. If your computer ever breaks down, they will be your only method of getting back your XMR.
- Get your address. Your wallet will give you a Monero address. This is the address you will use to receive money. Share this address with your sender and they will send you money. While this address will always technically remain the same, on the Monero blockchain this address will be hashed and obfuscated and only you and the sender will know the actual address.
Can I make money with Monero?
The possibility of making money with Monero is very similar to the options for making money with other currencies. After all, the main difference is Monero’s focus on security and anonymity. Everything else is very much the same as other coins, such as bitcoin. Also the same is the need to consider the options carefully and make a wise decision.
Transactions in XMR
The best way to make money from a cryptocurrency is to buy it, provided you are satisfied that it’s the best plan for you. Buying XMR and paying in XMR should help the currency grow, and when the currency grows, your wallet should also increase in size.
How your wallet grows with the coin’s value
If you’re investing in cryptocurrencies in order to make money and little else, then understanding the way currency trading works (including things like FOREX) is imperative.
Say that 90 days ago you wrote an article for a business and they decided to pay you in Monero (XMR). 90 days ago, 1 XMR cost $55.30. You wanted to get paid $60 for your article, so you charged the business 1.08499 XMR. This amount goes into your wallet and you move on.
90 days later, today, you decide to withdraw that money from your wallet. But today, 1 XMR costs $121.17. This means that your wallet now has a value of $131.47 instead of $60.
Congratulations! You just bought cryptocurrencies and more than doubled your money!
Be aware, though, that XMR can go down as well as up, and caution is recommended.
What to watch out for
No cryptocurrency is without its concerns, and Monero is no different.
-
Mining Centralization
Mining is currently controlled by 4 large pools. While no particular pool controls more than 20% of the entire hash rate, this is still a problem as decentralization is of utmost importance. Luckily, the Monero development team has stated that this is as important to them as to Monero users. Because a hack on a blockchain requires convincing 51% or more of the users that your data is the correct one, with only 4 pools you would only need to hack 3 mining pools to control 60% of the blockchain, at which point you control the entire blockchain.
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Large Transactions
Because Monero has to add overhead to every transaction to make sure they’re anonymous and secure, the system is quite noticeably slower and the transactions are larger and consume more space on a user’s computer.
What’s next for Monero?
Monero should be watched for its growth potential and whether the developers are placing a focus on decentralization and security.
We are told that in the works is a bigger effort to push adoption by merchants – especially in certain areas of the world where adoption has been slow – and a better platform for developers to build upon.
Frequently asked questions
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrencies are speculative, complex and involve significant risks – they are highly
volatile and sensitive to secondary activity. Performance is unpredictable and past performance is no guarantee of
future performance. Consider your own circumstances, and obtain your own advice, before relying on this information.
You should also verify the nature of any product or service (including its legal status and relevant regulatory
requirements) and consult the relevant Regulators' websites before making any decision. Finder, or the author, may
have holdings in the cryptocurrencies discussed.
Image sources: Shutterstock, CoinMarketCap
Ask an Expert
Best site with low exchange rates
Hi Peter,
Thanks for getting in touch with finder. I hope all is well with you. :)
Let me see if I have this correct, you want to know which Monero exchange has the best fees? If this is your question, then the answer depends on your needs and preference. To compare your options, it would be helpful to use our table found above this page. Click on the “View details” to know the fees for each exchange. If you want to know more, you can click on the name of the exchange to read our individual reviews. Once you found the right exchange, please click the “Go to site” green button to be redirected to their website.
I hope this helps. Should you have further questions, please don’t hesitate to reach us out again.
Have a wonderful day!
Cheers,
Joshua
I am doing mining from several days and using monero wallet. i am not able to see my monero balance in wallet when signing in with secret key. however i am able to see my balance when I am searching with my wallet address in pool website (nanopool) search bar also able to see worker machines details.
can you please explain why this is happening
Hi Pawan,
Thanks for getting in touch with finder.
One of the most common reasons this may happen is a failure to sync. You may want to wait for about 24-48 hours more to see whether your missing balance will reflect your account or not.
Another reason is that you Monero isn’t mined directly to your wallet. It’s held in the pool and you will only see it until you exceeded the minimum payout amount.
Please note that we are not affiliated to any cryptocurrency wallet. Thus, we can only offer general advice. You might want to directly get in touch with your wallet’s developer or someone else who might have the right knowledge to help you. You may also want to search the Internet or join forums to get a more personalized answer.
I hope this helps. Should you have further questions, please don’t hesitate to reach us out again.
Have a wonderful day!
Cheers,
Joshua