{"id":485732,"date":"2023-05-15T11:38:08","date_gmt":"2023-05-15T10:38:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/?p=485732"},"modified":"2025-07-24T14:46:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T13:46:43","slug":"active-vs-passive-investing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/share-trading-guides\/strategy\/active-vs-passive-investing","title":{"rendered":"Active vs passive investing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Which is better: active or passive investing? It\u2019s a common debate among investors \u2013 and some feel passionately about it. The truth is that both approaches have their place and their risks, and the right one for you will depend on your goals. Our guide covers the key need-to-knows.<\/p><article class=\"luna-card luna-card--primary\"><div class=\"luna-card__block\"><div class=\"u-grid u-grid--alignMiddle\"><div class=\"u-grid__col u-1\/6@s has-margin-top-small has-margin-bottom-small u-grid__col--orderLast@s\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/finder-us\/wp-uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/ig-130x80-1.png\" alt=\"ig logo\" style=\"width: 150px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/finder-us\/wp-uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/ig-130x80-1.png?fit=130 130w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 130px) 100vw, 130px\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"u-grid__col u-10\/12@s\">This is a paid content promotion brought to you by IG. Invest yourself for less with \u00a30 commission on US stocks if you trade 3+ times in the previous month. <strong>Your capital is at risk.<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ig.com%2Fuk%2Finvestments%2Fhomepage&amp;data=05%7C01%7CGeorgia.Davis%40ig.com%7Cd4cbcd371f9e47d60e6d08db08fbd844%7C4b4cca9cedaf42f38e219070c5d9d76b%7C0%7C0%7C638113650011513380%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=wW9yRKP7R%2FfW1npv9OZDCQ9M7z1ggwMA81q1Ld5O0PQ%3D&amp;reserved=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn more<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><div class=\"fin-video fin-video--horizontal\" data-player-type=\"youtube\" data-video-id=\"aAejGoctkRw\" style=\"\">\n    <div class=\"fin-video__container\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fin-video__thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/aAejGoctkRw\/maxresdefault.jpg\" data-fallback-sd=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/aAejGoctkRw\/sddefault.jpg\" data-fallback-hq=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/aAejGoctkRw\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n                            <div class=\"fin-video__duration\">3:08<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"fin-video__play-btn\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Play video\"><\/div>\n                <iframe allow=\"autoplay\" class=\"fin-video__player\" id=\"ytPlayer-aAejGoctkRw\" title=\"Video player\"><\/iframe>\n    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<p>It\u2019s worth having a decent grasp of both active and passive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/share-trading-guides\/strategy\">investing strategies<\/a>; for one thing, you can use a mixture of both. And you may want to switch between the 2 tactics at various stages. We\u2019ve run through the benefits and drawbacks of each. <\/p><h3>Active vs passive investing: What\u2019s the difference?<\/h3><p>The simplest way to picture the difference is to think of an active approach as \u201chands-on\u201d and a passive strategy as \u201chands-off\u201d.<\/p><p>Both ways involve some input from you but active investing involves either you or a professional adjusting your course regularly, while passive means setting your course and mostly sticking to autopilot. <\/p><p>At its core, active investing attempts to beat the returns of the market, whereas passive investing usually attempts to match or mirror market performance. But success is never guaranteed with either option.<\/p><p>A helpful metaphor to consider is driving a car and navigating yourself (active) vs using a sat nav (passive) to reach a destination (ideally, wealth!).<\/p><ul><li><strong>Active.<\/strong> Navigating yourself means you have more room to manoeuvre and try to beat traffic (the market) using your driving skills, road knowledge, and tools like maps. However, actively trying to beat everyone else can be risky. You may come across an unexpected roadblock setting you back further than if you\u2019d just followed the rest.<\/li><li><strong>Passive.<\/strong> You set your desired destination and sit back. You\u2019ll be taking the same route as many drivers and may hit traffic, with no way to overtake. But, you\u2019re less likely to end up worse off or relying on tools and skills to get to your destination.<\/li><\/ul><p>Of course, it\u2019s important to remember that when it comes to investing, you may not reach your desired destination at all. Whether you choose to invest actively or passively, you could end up with less money than the amount you put in. <\/p><h3>Which is riskier \u2013 passive or active?<\/h3><p>This varies based on what you\u2019re investing in. In most cases, passive investing is less risky, because you\u2019re not attempting to outperform the market. Passive investment tends to mean less involvement, which can also reduce your odds of making a costly mistake. <\/p><p>Active investing relies on investing skill, which is needed to beat the market. But this also invites human error or poor judgement to play a role. You can lessen the risk involved with active investing by using professional advice or management \u2013 which comes with an added cost.<\/p><p>However, there\u2019s always a certain level of risk you need to accept as an investor because there are never any guarantees that your chosen investments will perform or that you\u2019ll make a profit \u2013 you can lose money with any strategy. <\/p><h3>How do the costs compare?<\/h3><p>This is the main area that can set these strategies apart. Securities like passive broad-market <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/exchange-traded-funds-etfs\">exchange-traded funds (ETFs)<\/a> can be much cheaper than actively managed funds. <\/p><p>The difference may only appear small in percentage terms, but it can significantly impact the overall value of your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/stock-portfolio\">portfolio<\/a> over time. <\/p><p>To give you an idea about costs, here\u2019s what a typical range of charges can look like with an example of each strategy:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Passive investing cost.<\/strong>  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/exchange-traded-funds-etfs\/etfs-vs-index-funds\">ETFs or index funds<\/a> managed passively can have a total expense ratio (TER) between 0.02% and 0.2%.<\/li><li><strong>Active investing cost.<\/strong> Mutual funds, investment trusts, and other actively managed investments can come with a TER of between 0.5% and 1%.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"did-you-know u-bg--sky-subtle u-rounded--lg\" data-component=\"did-you-know\">\n        <div class=\"did-you-know__block\">\n        <h4 class=\"did-you-know__title\">\n            <span class=\"did-you-know__title-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"12\" fill=\"#00B2FF\"><\/circle>\n                    <path d=\"M17.5 22.5C17.5 22.7967 17.412 23.0867 17.2472 23.3334C17.0824 23.58 16.8481 23.7723 16.574 23.8858C16.2999 23.9993 15.9983 24.0291 15.7074 23.9712C15.4164 23.9133 15.1491 23.7704 14.9393 23.5607C14.7296 23.3509 14.5867 23.0836 14.5288 22.7926C14.471 22.5017 14.5007 22.2001 14.6142 21.926C14.7277 21.6519 14.92 21.4176 15.1667 21.2528C15.4133 21.088 15.7033 21 16 21C16.3978 21 16.7794 21.158 17.0607 21.4393C17.342 21.7206 17.5 22.1022 17.5 22.5ZM16 9C13.2425 9 11 11.0188 11 13.5V14C11 14.2652 11.1054 14.5196 11.2929 14.7071C11.4804 14.8946 11.7348 15 12 15C12.2652 15 12.5196 14.8946 12.7071 14.7071C12.8946 14.5196 13 14.2652 13 14V13.5C13 12.125 14.3463 11 16 11C17.6538 11 19 12.125 19 13.5C19 14.875 17.6538 16 16 16C15.7348 16 15.4804 16.1054 15.2929 16.2929C15.1054 16.4804 15 16.7348 15 17V18C15 18.2652 15.1054 18.5196 15.2929 18.7071C15.4804 18.8946 15.7348 19 16 19C16.2652 19 16.5196 18.8946 16.7071 18.7071C16.8946 18.5196 17 18.2652 17 18V17.91C19.28 17.4913 21 15.6725 21 13.5C21 11.0188 18.7575 9 16 9ZM29 16C29 18.5712 28.2376 21.0846 26.8091 23.2224C25.3807 25.3603 23.3503 27.0265 20.9749 28.0104C18.5995 28.9944 15.9856 29.2518 13.4638 28.7502C10.9421 28.2486 8.6257 27.0105 6.80762 25.1924C4.98953 23.3743 3.75141 21.0579 3.2498 18.5362C2.74819 16.0144 3.00563 13.4006 3.98957 11.0251C4.97351 8.64968 6.63975 6.61935 8.77759 5.1909C10.9154 3.76244 13.4288 3 16 3C19.4467 3.00364 22.7512 4.37445 25.1884 6.81163C27.6256 9.24882 28.9964 12.5533 29 16ZM27 16C27 13.8244 26.3549 11.6977 25.1462 9.88873C23.9375 8.07979 22.2195 6.66989 20.2095 5.83733C18.1995 5.00476 15.9878 4.78692 13.854 5.21136C11.7202 5.6358 9.76021 6.68345 8.22183 8.22183C6.68345 9.7602 5.63581 11.7202 5.21137 13.854C4.78693 15.9878 5.00477 18.1995 5.83733 20.2095C6.66989 22.2195 8.07979 23.9375 9.88873 25.1462C11.6977 26.3549 13.8244 27 16 27C18.9164 26.9967 21.7123 25.8367 23.7745 23.7745C25.8367 21.7123 26.9967 18.9164 27 16Z\" fill=\"#232320\"><\/path>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"did-you-know__title-text\">What's a TER?<\/span>\n        <\/h4>\n        <div class=\"did-you-know__content\">\n            <p>A TER is calculated by adding up the management fees, operating expenses, trading costs, and any additional costs of running an investment fund and then dividing this by the total value of the fund\u2019s assets. <\/p><p>If you invested \u00a310,000 in a fund with a 5% average return over 10 years, if the TER was 0.2% you\u2019d pay a total of \u00a3307 in ongoing costs. If that TER was 1%, under the same scenario and conditions, you\u2019d pay \u00a31,487 in ongoing costs.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>One important thing to note is that if you\u2019re an active investor picking your own stocks and shares, this can be more cost-effective if you use a cheaper platform. Most stocks don\u2019t involve ongoing charges. So once you\u2019ve paid a commission to buy shares, that\u2019s it. But if you have even a cheap passive fund, you\u2019re more likely to pay an ongoing charge for as long as you hold the shares (and which will grow as you invest more). <\/p><h3>Active investing: The lowdown<\/h3><p>Actively managing your portfolio means using all the tools at your disposal to try to maximise your returns (or paying an expert to do this for you).<\/p><p>Examples of active investments include securities such as:<\/p><ul><li>Investment trusts<\/li><li>Stocks, shares, and bonds<\/li><li>Unit trusts<\/li><li>Managed investment funds or mutual funds<\/li><li>Hedge funds<\/li><\/ul><p>Active investing can be more time-consuming. This is because researching stocks and shares yourself, or researching funds and managers, can take effort. If you want to invest actively, choosing the right platform is vital. <\/p><p>Look for a platform that offers:<\/p><ul><li>Low fees and commissions for active investors<\/li><li>Tax-efficient accounts like a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/stocks-and-shares-isas\">stocks and shares ISA<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/pensions\/self-invested-personal-pensions\">SIPP<\/a><\/li><li>A choice of DIY portfolios or actively managed portfolios (like IG\u2019s Smart Portfolios) <\/li><li>A wide range of shares, funds, and investment trusts, as this increases your chance of finding assets that suit your goals<\/li><li>Learning materials so you can educate yourself<\/li><li>Research resources such as an economic calendar, video explainers, expert interviews, stock fundamentals research, and in-depth market analysis<\/li><\/ul><h3>Who does active investing suit?<\/h3><p>This way of investing best suits someone who:<\/p><ul><li>Is willing to spend time researching and managing a portfolio<\/li><li>Is comfortable paying higher fees in the hope of higher returns<\/li><li>Wants to actively participate in their wealth-building journey<\/li><\/ul><h3>Pros and cons of active investing<\/h3><div class=\"u-grid\"><div class=\"u-grid__col u-1\/2@s\"><ul class=\"list-4\"><li>There\u2019s a possibility you could outperform the market.<\/li><li>It\u2019s possible to get expert management for a competitive fee.<\/li><li>You\u2019ll likely become a much more educated investor.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"u-grid__col u-1\/2@s\"><ul class=\"list-12\"><li>It can be more time-consuming and involve more risk.<\/li><li>Costs and fees can be more expensive.<\/li><li>You\u2019ll need a comprehensive investing platform with options, tools, and flexibility.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><h3>Passive investing: The lowdown<\/h3><p>This strategy is more of a slow-and-steady approach. Your aim is consistent growth rather than trying to outpace everyone, but there is still risk, of course.<\/p><p>The most common way of passive investing is to use low-cost, broad-market ETFs. Once you\u2019ve chosen a fund (or multiple funds), you\u2019d typically invest regularly, regardless of market conditions or stock performances. <\/p><p>By definition, you\u2019ll never beat the market. However, lower fees mean you get to keep more of your returns. And some major stock markets\u2019 long-term performance has still led to pretty significant growth (though of course that\u2019s no guarantee).<\/p><p>Other common ways of investing passively can include putting money into assets such as:<\/p><ul><li>Bonds<\/li><li>Index funds<\/li><li>Mutual funds (that aren\u2019t actively managed)<\/li><li>Dividend-paying stocks<\/li><li>Property (perhaps using a real estate investment trust (REIT)<\/li><\/ul><h3>Who does passive investing suit?<\/h3><p>This investing strategy best suits someone who:<\/p><ul><li>Doesn\u2019t have the time or energy to keep on top of their portfolio or what\u2019s going on in the economy<\/li><li>Wants to keep their costs as low as possible<\/li><li>Is aiming for steady, consistent gains and finds simplicity appealing<\/li><li>Isn\u2019t interested in taking on more risk than necessary<\/li><\/ul><p>If you decide passive investing is for you, using the right platform is also important. Ideally, you\u2019ll want somewhere that offers cheap (or free) regular investing for shares or funds. You\u2019ll also probably want a straightforward platform that\u2019s easy to understand. <\/p><p>The whole point of passive investing is simplicity and lower costs. So, if you pick a complex platform or one with high fees, you\u2019ll cancel out the best passive benefits.<\/p><h3>Pros and cons of passive investing<\/h3><div class=\"u-grid\"><div class=\"u-grid__col u-1\/2@s\"><ul class=\"list-4\"><li>It can be a cheaper and simpler way to invest.<\/li><li>You\u2019ll still need to do some research, but there\u2019s less ongoing maintenance.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/share-trading-guides\/strategy\/how-to-create-a-diverse-portfolio\">Creating a diversified portfolio<\/a> is easy, which can lower your risk.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"u-grid__col u-1\/2@s\"><ul class=\"list-12\"><li>Less risk can mean lower rewards.<\/li><li>It\u2019s unlikely ever to beat the market (because most funds mirror the performance of a benchmark index).<\/li><li>Lack of flexibility or ability to grow your experience as an investor.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><h3>Bottom line<\/h3><p>This is all about finding out which method best suits your personality and investing goals, and how much risk you\u2019re comfortable with. Remember, it\u2019s also possible to create a portfolio with a blend of strategies. <\/p><p>For example, you may use passive investments as a foundation and then pick active investments like stocks or managed funds to give your portfolio some extra va-va-voom. You can always change how you like to invest later down the line. There\u2019s no need to make a lifelong commitment and marry a strategy. Just make sure you\u2019re investing actively or passively in a way you\u2019re comfortable with, using an investment platform that best suits you.<\/p><h3>Frequently asked questions<\/h3><ul class=\"luna-accordionGroup accordionGroup\"><li class=\"luna-accordion\" data-accordion=\"accordion\">\n  <div class=\"luna-accordion__summary\">\n    <h4 class=\"luna-accordion__heading\">\n      <button class=\"luna-accordion__action collapsed\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion0000000000\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#accordion0000000000\">\n        <span class=\"luna-accordion__title\">Is passive investing riskier than active investing?<\/span>\n        <svg class=\"luna-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n          <use xlink:href=\"#chevron-down\" data-accordion-icon=\"show\"><\/use>\n          <use xlink:href=\"#chevron-up\" data-accordion-icon=\"hide\" class=\"is-hidden\"><\/use>\n        <\/svg>\n      <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"luna-accordion__details collapse\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"accordion0000000000\" data-accordion=\"details\">\n    <div class=\"accordionContent\"><p>In most cases, no. Typically, passive investing is lower risk than active investing. However, this isn\u2019t a guarantee. It will still depend on the choice of your investments and how they perform.<\/p><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/li><\/ul><div id=\"sources\" style=\"position: relative;\"><h3 style=\"position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;\">Sources<\/h3>\n<div id=\"lazy0000000000\"><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/json\" id=\"lazyloaded-assets-json-lazy0000000000\" class=\"lazyloaded-assets-json\">{\"critical-scripts\":[],\"scripts\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.finder.com\\\/parent-theme\\\/shortcodes\\\/article-source\\\/prod\\\/article-source.de087a0da9824e407767.js\"],\"styles\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.finder.com\\\/parent-theme\\\/shortcodes\\\/article-source\\\/prod\\\/article-source.87684078d471e76125dd.css\"]}<\/script><\/div><article class=\"luna-card luna-card--alt\"><div class=\"luna-card__block\">This article offers general information about investing and the stock market, but should not be construed as personal investment advice. It has been provided without consideration of your personal circumstances or objectives. It should not be interpreted as an inducement, invitation or recommendation relating to any of the products listed or referred to. The value of investments can fall as well as rise, and you may get back less than you invested, so your capital is at risk. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. If you're not sure which investments are right for you, please get <a href=\"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/redirect\/uk\/share-trading\/hl-financial-advice-uk-secure.html\" class=\"fin-text-navy\">financial advice<\/a>. The author holds no positions in any share mentioned.<\/div><\/article>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Want to learn the difference between active and passive investing? Discover the pros and cons of each to help you decide which strategy might suit you best. (Paid content)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1273,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"post_is_fact_checked":"false","post_co_author":"-1","post_co_author_date":null,"post_co_author_manual_date_checked":null,"post_reviewer":"-1","post_reviewer_date":"","post_reviewer_manual_date_checked":null,"post_editor":"577","post_editor_date":"","post_author_date":"2023-04-17T12:06:21","post_author_manual_date_checked":"false","footnotes":""},"categories":[130092],"tags":[],"asset_tag":[],"class_list":["post-485732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-strategy"],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.6 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Active vs passive investing - Finder UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Want to learn the difference between active &amp; passive investing? 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