{"id":463084,"date":"2022-08-30T08:16:12","date_gmt":"2022-08-30T07:16:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/?page_id=463084"},"modified":"2026-04-09T17:08:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T16:08:11","slug":"tools-analysis-definitions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.finder.com\/uk\/share-trading\/share-trading-guides\/beginners\/tools-analysis-definitions","title":{"rendered":"Investing for beginners in the UK (part 2): Boost your trading skills"},"content":{"rendered":"

What guides are you looking for?<\/h3>
Definitions<\/a><\/div><\/div>
Investment types<\/a><\/div><\/div>
Analysis<\/a><\/div><\/div>
Investment tax<\/a><\/div><\/div>
Tools<\/a><\/div><\/div>
Useful guides<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>

Meet Finder\u2019s investment experts<\/h3>

Our team can help you navigate the world of investing. We start with the basics \u2013 like why people invest \u2013 explain the jargon and offer practical tips.<\/p>

<\/p>

Zoe Stabler DipFA<\/a><\/b>
Senior investment writer<\/i><\/p><\/div>

<\/p>

Danny Butler<\/a><\/b>
Senior investment publisher<\/i><\/p><\/div>

<\/p>

Louise Bastock<\/a><\/b>
Deputy editor<\/i><\/p><\/div>

<\/p>

Alice Guy<\/a><\/b>
Investment and tax writer<\/i><\/p><\/div>

<\/p>

Roland Head<\/a><\/b>
Investment writer<\/i><\/p><\/div>

<\/p>

Liz Edwards<\/a><\/b>
Editor-in-chief<\/i><\/p><\/div><\/div>

AS SEEN ON:<\/strong><\/div>
\"The<\/div>
\"The<\/div>
\"Financial<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Forbes<\/div>
\"The<\/div>
\"Reuters<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Sky<\/div>
\"BBC<\/div>
\"This<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Definitions<\/h3>

There\u2019s a wealth of terminology in share trading that you\u2019ve got to get your head around when learning about investing. Here are some of the key ones you might come across when investing, so you\u2019ll be up to speed and looking like a pro in no time. <\/p>

\n
\n

What are shares?<\/h4>\n

Whether you own a few shares or you\u2019ve not quite got started yet, here\u2019s the lowdown of what shares actually are.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a stock portfolio?<\/h4>\n

A portfolio is a collection of investments \u2014 here we explain stock portfolios, how to manage your portfolio and the importance of diversification.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a broker?<\/h4>\n

A stock broker is what you\u2019ll use to carry out your trade. online brokers, also known as trading apps, investment platforms and investment apps let you buy and sell shares within an app or on their website. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

What is trading volume?<\/h4>\n

Trading volume refers to the total number of shares exchanged between buyers and sellers each day. Discover how it works and how you can use it to your advantage.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is market cap?<\/h4>\n

Market cap (or capitlisation) refers to the total value of a publicly listed company\u2019s shares. Find out how you can use this metric to your advantage when you are trading.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What are dividends?<\/h4>\n

Sometimes companies will give you a slice of their profits for owning shares, called dividends. Here\u2019s what you\u2019ll need to know.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a stock market crash?<\/h4>\n

A stock market crash doesn\u2019t have to derail your investment strategy \u2014 the key is to not panic. We\u2019ve explained how to prepare for and deal with a stock market crash.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a bull market?<\/h4>\n

A bull market makes investors feel confident, or \u201cbullish\u201d, so stock market prices are on the rise. Find out the phases of a bull market and how long they last.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a bear market?<\/h4>\n

Bear markets can give investors a sense of impending doom, with stock prices on a downward trajectory, but there are signs that there\u2019s one incoming. Find out how bear markets work and how long they typically last. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

What are investment goals?<\/h4>\n

Why have you decided to invest \u2014 saving for a first home? Preparing for retirement? Maybe you have no goal, and simply find it enjoyable? Here\u2019s your guide to investment goals.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is an IPO?<\/h4>\n

When a company wants to list on an exchange, it carries out an initial public offering (IPO), so you\u2019ll be able to buy their shares.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is insider trading?<\/h4>\n

Insider trading is where trades are made from the knowledge of confidential information, usually from someone inside the company, hence the name. Find out more about insider trading and why it\u2019s prohibited.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>

Investment types<\/h3>

Shares aren\u2019t the only things you can invest in \u2014 you can buy gold, soybeans, oil and bonds. There are also several types of shares, including pink sheets, penny stocks, blue chip stocks and fractional shares. Here are some of the different things you can invest in. <\/p>

\n
\n

Commodities<\/h4>\n

Commodities are economic goods that are fungible, which means that it doesn\u2019t matter who manufactured them, they\u2019re considered to be interchangeable. See how you can trade them.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Commodities\"\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Exchange traded funds<\/h4>\n

Exchange-traded funds are a type of fund that are listed on a stock exchange. This means that they have live prices and are easier to trade. Learn the types of ETFs, how they\u2019re created and how to trade them.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Exchange\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Ready made investments<\/h4>\n

Not everyone has time to create and manage a portfolio \u2014 ready-made portfolios let you get exposure to investments without all of the work.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Ready\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Index funds<\/h4>\n

Index funds are designed to match the market, not beat it. You can choose a stock market index that you want to track and find a fund that tracks it, known as an index fund.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Index\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

ETFs vs index funds<\/h4>\n

Exchange-traded funds and index funds are both collections of stocks that you can trade. We reveal how they differ and the benefits of each kind of fund.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"ETFs\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

ETFs vs mutual funds<\/h4>\n

Exchange-traded funds and mutual funds are both types of funds, but they\u2019re traded quite differently. Discover the similarities, differences and benefits of ETFs and mutual funds. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"ETFs\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Penny stocks<\/h4>\n

Penny stocks are stocks that cost\u2026pennies. These are typically less than \u00a35, but this doesn\u2019t mean you\u2019ve found an undervalued stock. Discover what penny stocks are and how they\u2019re traded.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Penny\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Pink sheet stocks<\/h4>\n

Pink sheet stocks are stocks that aren\u2019t listed on major stock exchanges and traded over-the-counter. Here\u2019s some pink sheet stock examples, where you can buy pink sheets and where they got their name.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Pink\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Gilts<\/h4>\n

A gilt is an IOU from the government, also known as a government bond, and is generally considered to be more safe than other investments types. Here\u2019s how they work.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Gilts\"\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Ethical investing<\/h4>\n

If you want to align your investments with your morals, you can choose to invest ethically. We\u2019ve explained how it works and some of the terminology in ESG investing.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Ethical\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Fractional shares<\/h4>\n

You can invest in a fraction of a share rather than buy an entire one, which lets you diversify if you only have a small amount to invest. We\u2019ve summarised where you can buy fractional shares.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Fractional\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Cryptocurrencies<\/h4>\n

Cryptocurrencies are becoming a popular investment. They\u2019re digital currencies that aren\u2019t centralised. While you can have them as well as other investment types, you may not be able to hold them with the same provider as your other investments. Here\u2019s what you need to know.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Cryptocurrencies\"\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>[\/fin_hide]
\n
\n

Investing in overseas shares<\/h4>\n

Investing in overseas shares gets you exposure to other countries, so it\u2019s great for diversification. There are a few things you\u2019ll want to consider, here\u2019s what you need to know.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Investing\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>

Analysis<\/h3>

Stock analysis lets you effectively monitor share performance \u2014 this helps you work out if stocks are under- or overvalued and understand annual reports. These guides help you strategise and monitor shares.<\/p>

\n
\n

Technical analysis<\/h4>\n

Technical analysis is a way of monitoring shares to predict future price movements. Here\u2019s how it works.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Technical\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

How to read annual reports<\/h4>\n

Annual reports come but once a year, as the name suggests. These give some great insight into a company\u2019s performance, but they\u2019re so full of jargon, they might as well be written in a different language. We\u2019ve explained how to read them.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"How\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Fundamental analysis<\/h4>\n

Fundamental analysis helps you decide how much as share is worth based on several metrics. Here\u2019s how its worked out and how to learn how to analyse stocks yourself.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Fundamental\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Stock market trading hours<\/h4>\n

Stock markets aren\u2019t open 24\/7, and their opening hours are local to the exchange. This can be beneficial, as there\u2019s typically always a stock market open somewhere, but it might mean you\u2019ve got to be an early riser to get access to some of the stocks you want.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Stock\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Investment strategies<\/h4>\n

An investment strategy determines how you\u2019ll trade, such as the types of investments you\u2019ll trade and when you\u2019ll choose to buy or sell. Our guide explains some investment strategies to help you create your own one.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Investment\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Best time to invest in stocks<\/h4>\n

Is there a best time to invest in stocks? How can you determine when is best? We\u2019ve explained how to time your trades.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Best\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Shareholder voting rights<\/h4>\n

Shareholders can get stock voting rights, which means you can vote on some of the company decisions. This can depend on how many shares you own \u2014 here\u2019s what you need to know about stock voting rights.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Shareholder\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

How to sell shares<\/h4>\n

You might choose to sell a share because it\u2019s not performing well, or because it\u2019s performed excellently and you want to reap the rewards. Here\u2019s how to do it.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"How\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

How to monitor share performance<\/h4>\n

How do you know if your shares are doing well or if its time to sell? We\u2019ve explained how you can monitor the performance of your shares to make a decision on selling or holding them.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"How\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>

Investment tax and tax-free accounts<\/h3>

Nobody likes paying tax. Luckily, there are plenty of account types with tax-free allowances. These account types are called \u201ctax wrappers\u201d. Here\u2019s more information about investment tax and some of the accounts that you can use. <\/p>

\n
\n

Tax wrappers<\/h4>\n

Struggling to understand the difference between all the accounts on offer from your chosen provider? We explain the tax benefits and how each one is used.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Tax\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

LISAs<\/h4>\n

A lifetime ISA (LISA) is an account type that\u2019s great for anyone saving for their first home or retirement that can get you a 25% top up from the government. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"LISAs\"\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Pensions<\/h4>\n

You might think you\u2019re too young to worry about your pension, but it\u2019s got some great tax benefits, making it a really efficient way to save and invest. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Pensions\"\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Dividend tax<\/h4>\n

If a company pays out dividends \u2014 little slices of its profits \u2014 then you may need to pay tax on what you receive. We\u2019ll explain your allowance and how it works.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Dividend\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Investment tax<\/h4>\n

Investing can earn you great profits or an income, so you may need to pay tax on your profits. We\u2019ve summarised how investments are taxed. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Investment\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

W-8BEN form<\/h4>\n

A W-8BEN form is used to clarify your tax status when you\u2019re buying US shares. Here\u2019s what it\u2019s for and how to fill one out.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"W-8BEN\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>

Tools<\/h3>

Investment tools can be really helpful when learning how to invest \u2014 you\u2019ll want to know the different types of order, how stock charts can be used and how to practise more complex investment types and strategies. <\/p>

\n
\n

Order types<\/h4>\n

Different order types let you make orders based on price or fluctuation, which you can specify. Find out some order types and how to make the most out of them.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Order\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Stock market charting<\/h4>\n

Once you\u2019ve got to grips with investing, you\u2019ll want to turn your attention to stock charts. Learning to understand charts is a great tool for spotting patterns and making predictions<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Stock\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

What is a demo account for trading?<\/h4>\n

A demo account can give you a chance to get to grips with a platform before investing real money. They\u2019re an excellent tool for learning both the basics and more complex strategies. Here\u2019s some providers that have demo accounts.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"What\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>

Useful investment guides<\/h3>

Want to know more about stock exchanges, which companies you can invest in and whether you need investment advice? We answer all of these questions in our general investment guides below. <\/p>

\n
\n

How stock exchanges work<\/h4>\n

Stock exchanges are where shares are exchanged between buyers and sellers. Here we\u2019ll explain how they work.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"How\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Stock market prices<\/h4>\n

What sends a stock price spiralling? Why does a share surge all of a sudden? We explain why stock prices fluctuate and how to predict price changes.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Stock\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>
\n
\n

Why can't I invest in all companies?<\/h4>\n

Your favourite independent coffee shop or confectionary brand may not be listed on a stock exchange. Here\u2019s your guide to stock market listings. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Why\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Myths about the stock market and investing<\/h4>\n

Is investing a type of gambling? Do you need to be rich to invest? We debunk some of the common myths about investing.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Myths\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div>
\n
\n

Best shares for beginners<\/h4>\n

Here are some shares that are suitable for beginner investors \u2014 these are mostly long standing blue chip stocks that have a high market cap. It\u2019s important to note that this doesn\u2019t mean that thay\u2019re safe. <\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"Best\n <\/div>\n <\/a><\/div><\/div>

All investing should be regarded as longer term. The value of your investments can go up and down, and you may get back less than you invest. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. If you\u2019re not sure which investments are right for you, please seek out a financial adviser. Capital at risk.<\/p><\/div><\/article>
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Learn some key definitions, the tools available and how to analyse stocks to enhance your investment 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